Poland’s asylum system provides international protection to individuals who face persecution in their home countries. The Office for Foreigners (Urząd do Spraw Cudzoziemców) manages the entire asylum process, from initial application to final decision.
How to Apply for Asylum
Asylum applications in Poland must be submitted to the Border Guard, either at the border crossing point upon arrival or at any Border Guard unit within the country. The application triggers a formal procedure during which the applicant’s claim is thoroughly assessed.
Applicants receive a temporary identity document and are provided with accommodation in one of Poland’s reception centers if needed. During the proceedings, asylum seekers have the right to legal assistance, an interpreter, and access to healthcare.
Types of Protection
Poland grants two main forms of international protection: refugee status and subsidiary protection. Refugee status is granted to individuals who face persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. Subsidiary protection is available to those who face serious harm in their country of origin, including armed conflict.
Rights After Receiving Protection
Individuals granted international protection in Poland receive a residence permit, access to the labor market without additional permits, healthcare coverage, and eligibility for integration programs. After a specified period, they may also apply for permanent residence and eventually Polish citizenship.